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GUIONES DE AUDIOS

Audio Scripts Unit 4 Student's Book

Track 33 Page 96. Activity 2.

Hello and welcome to my lecture about the causes and effects of polluting the environment. You have probably heard environmental pollution and global warming many times, but have you actually thought about it?

The first thing we need to think about is pollution. What is pollution? Pollution happens when nature can't does not know how to decompose an element that was not introduced in the environment naturally. In other words, if we put in the environment artificial things like plastic, we pollute the environment.

There are many types of pollution. First, there's air pollution. Some of the main sources of air pollution are the burning of fossil fuels and emissions of carbon dioxide from vehicles and factories. If fossil fuels are burned, smog is formed, which pollutes many big cities and industrial zones.People can contaminate the air by using certain everyday products, like aerosol sprays. If people get exposed to too much air pollution, they can develop respiratory problems like asthma or lung cancer.

Then, there's water pollution. Sources of water pollution is the waste from agricultural fields, industrial sites and urban areas. Additionally, if fertilizers get thrown into the sea, algae grows way too much, which reduces the amount of available oxygen for other species. Today, one of the worst pollutants for the sea is trash. Trash can be made of various materials,many of which seriously harm the sea. For example, if a plastic bag ends up in the sea, sea creatures die because the plastic will probably get stuck in their bodies, and the plastic takes hundreds of year to disintegrate.

But that's only two types of pollution. Just think about all the things that we do and the pollutants that we and other human beings are creating every day. The way we are living our lives harms the environment more than ever before, and it's time to change.

Track 34. Page 98. Activity 4.

A recent survey showed that today more teens are volunteering in comparison to earlier generations. Many teens are spending more time helping out while getting experience at the same time. There are many different ways to volunteer and a variety of jobs to do. Teenagers can decide what they want to do, how they want to do it, and where they can help out the most. What is more, these teens work for free and do not expect any reward. In the US, a survey of over 22,000students discovered that 30% of teens now volunteer for over 80 hours a year. It reported that 22% of students visit sick kids in hospitals and 54% belong to an organization that requires volunteer work. Furthermore, 22% say they might continue to volunteer throughout their life. 32% of

volunteers like the new experiences they have and 83% say they do not feel pressured into doing volunteer work. Most teenagers think that volunteering is more enjoyable if you do it with friends. It is also better if you choose activities that interest you. If you love animals, you can work for an animal rescue foundation. If you like helping the elderly,you ought to volunteer at a senior citizen home. You may care about the environment. If so, you might want to help pick up trash in your area. You can help in any number of ways. Here is what teenagers said:

"I think everybody should volunteer. You make new friends and experience new situations. I met some of my best friends volunteering on weekends." AMANDA, 14 years old.

"Volunteering is interesting. It gives me the opportunity to learn new things. All my friends volunteer, and we always go together. It's a big responsibility, and I love it! RAUL, 15years old.

"I love volunteering. The children I work with are good fun,and they make me laugh! That's important! It gives me a good feeling." JAMES, 15 years old.

"I like helping others. It helps me appreciate the good things in life and behave more responsibility. I certainly don't have to do it; it's my choice! You shouldn't volunteer to do something if you don't like it." LUISA, 15 years old.

Track 35. Page 103. Activities 1 and 2.(Efecto de sonido 1)

Usually, pollution and contamination are related to things like trash or smoke, but pollution comes in many other shapes and forms.

One of the types of pollution that usually gets overlooked is noise pollution. Noise pollution is the propagation of noise or sound waves that is harmful to nature or the living beings that are part of the environment.

Have you ever been disturbed in the street by noise coming from construction sites, machines and other things that are too loud? That's because the streets of busy cities produce a lot of noise pollution. You might even suffer from noise pollution inside your house, when your neighbors are playing music too loud or someone turns on the vacuum.

It sounds like noise pollution is a recent problem, but it has been documented that noise pollution was a thing even in the days of ancient Rome.

Noise pollution can actually have very negative effects on our health. The effect of loud noises on children can be permanent, and it can damage their learning and behavior. The elderly also suffer a lot from noise pollution, and they can have heart problems because of it. Adults are not immune to noise pollution either, and they can develop hearing or psychological problems if they're exposed to too much noise.

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