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Present Perfect

When talking about traditions, a very useful grammar structure is the present perfect with the prepositions for and since, and the question words how long, because it is used to talk about situations or activities that started at a specific time in the past and continue in the present.

When we want to know about the origin in time of an activity or situation that continues in the present, we normally use the question words how long:

How long have pinatas existed in Mexico?

To answer those questions, we have two main options:

We use present perfect with since to emphasize when the situation or activity started:

Pinatas have existed in Mexico since the 16th century.

Or we use for to describe the length of time an activity or situation has existed:

Piñatas have existed in Mexico for about 500 years.

Grammar

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Form	Structure	Example	Use
Affirmative	subject + have/has+ past panficiple of main verb + complement or object	The danza del venado has been practicedin Sonona since the pre-Hispanic ena.	Describe situations or activities that stanted in the past and continue in the present or activities that happened in the past with an impontant consequence in the present.
Negative	subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle of main verb+ complement or object	Foreign folk dances haven't been common in Mexico.
Interrogative	have/has + subject + past parficiple of main venb + complement or object +?	Have you met someone who practices Mexican folk dances?

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