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Direct Speech vs. Reported Speech: Grammar and Writing Practice

📄 ejercicios ingles 🎓 bachillerato · 3° Secundaria México 🇲🇽 MX 🗣 Español

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a) Aristotle said (that) he had made significant contributions to the field of literature. b) Sappho said (that) she had written 'Ode to Aphrodite' to express emotions. c) Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz said (that) she was neither a scholar nor a philosopher; she was nothing more than a woman.

📚 exercise ingles ⭐⭐ Dificultad 2/5 ⏱ 6 min lectura

Solución — Página 118

Uérakua anapu uantakua. Projects and Readings. Libro de Educación Secundaria Grado 3° Ciclo Escolar 2025 - 2026

Ejercicio 1

Grammar: Direct Speech vs. Reported Speech

La página presenta una tabla comparativa entre Direct Speech (discurso directo) y Reported Speech (discurso reportado o indirecto).

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Se escriben las palabras exactas de alguien entre comillas.	Se comunica lo que alguien dijo sin usar sus palabras exactas; se cambian ligeramente.
Ejemplo: Achilles said, "I will not fight for King Agamemnon."	Ejemplo: Achilles said that he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.

Reglas clave:

Cambiar los pronombres para que coincidan con la persona referida: I → he.
Retroceder el tiempo verbal un paso al pasado: will not fight → wouldn't fight.
Se puede omitir that cuando va seguido de un pronombre sujeto: Achilles said (that) he wouldn't fight...

Ejercicio 1

Transformar las siguientes oraciones de discurso directo a discurso reportado.

Parte 1.a

Direct speech: Aristotle said, "I made significant contributions to the field of literature."

Identifico el verbo introductorio: said (pasado simple).
Cambio el pronombre I → he (Aristotle es hombre).
Retrocedo el tiempo verbal: made (past simple) → had made (past perfect).
Uno con that (opcional).

Respuesta

Aristotle said (that) he had made significant contributions to the field of literature.

Parte 1.b

Direct speech: Sappho said, "I wrote 'Ode to Aphrodite' to express emotions."

Verbo introductorio: said.
Pronombre I → she (Sappho es mujer).
Tiempo verbal: wrote (past simple) → had written (past perfect).
Mantengo la referencia a la obra 'Ode to Aphrodite'.

Respuesta

Sappho said (that) she had written 'Ode to Aphrodite' to express emotions.

Parte 1.c

Direct speech: Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz said, "I am neither a scholar nor a philosopher; I am nothing more than a woman."

Verbo introductorio: said.
Pronombre I → she (Sor Juana es mujer).
Tiempo verbal: am (present simple) → was (past simple).
Conservo la estructura correlativa neither... nor.

Respuesta

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz said (that) she was neither a scholar nor a philosopher; she was nothing more than a woman.

Contenido de la página

Grammar

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
In this speech, someone's exact words are written in quotation marks.	In this speech, we communicate what someone else said without using their exact words: We change them slightly to express what they said.
Example: Achilles said, "I will not fight for King Agamemnon."	Example: Achilles said that he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.

We need to change the pronouns to make them coincide with the person they refer to. Achilles is talking about himself, so we use he in the reported sentence, instead of I.

Note that in reported speech we often move the tense back one step into the past so that, in the example, will not fight becomes wouldn't fight.

Also, we can often omit that when it is followed by a subject pronoun. For example: Achilles said (that) he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.

Writing

Individually, considering everyone else, read the following sentences and rewrite each one, transforming direct speech into reported speech.

a) Direct speech: Aristotle said, "I made significant contributions to the field of literature." Reported speech: ________________________________________

b) Direct speech: Sappho said, "I wrote 'Ode to Aphrodite' to express emotions." Reported speech: ________________________________________

c) Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz said, "I am neither a scholar nor a philosopher; I am nothing more than a woman." Reported speech: ________________________________________

Ejemplos resueltos

Achilles said, "I will not fight for King Agamemnon."

Achilles said (that) he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon. Se cambia I → he y will not fight → wouldn't fight.

Tabla

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Palabras exactas entre comillas	Parafraseo sin comillas
Ejemplo: Achilles said, "I will not fight for King Agamemnon."	Ejemplo: Achilles said that he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.

Diagrama

flowchart LR
A[Direct Speech] --> B[Cambiar pronombres]
B --> C[Retroceder tiempo verbal]
C --> D[Omitir 'that' opcional]
D --> E[Reported Speech]

Glosario (5)

Direct speech: Discurso directo: reproduce las palabras exactas de alguien entre comillas.
Reported speech: Discurso reportado o indirecto: comunica lo dicho por otra persona sin usar sus palabras exactas.
Quotation marks: Comillas (") que encierran las palabras exactas en el discurso directo.
Backshift: Retroceso de un tiempo verbal al pasado al pasar a discurso reportado.
Pronoun: Pronombre que sustituye al nombre y debe concordar con la persona referida.

Temas y conceptos clave

Direct SpeechReported SpeechCambios de pronombresBackshift de tiempos verbalesOmisión de 'that'Discurso directo usa comillas y palabras exactasDiscurso reportado parafrasea sin comillasLos pronombres se ajustan a la persona referidaEl tiempo verbal retrocede un paso al pasado'That' puede omitirse ante pronombre sujeto

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Ilustración de un paisaje con acantilados y cielo. — Figura 1 image

Preguntas que la gente también hace

¿Cómo se cambia el tiempo verbal en el reported speech?

Consulta la solución completa arriba o explora el libro entero para temas relacionados.

¿Cuándo se puede omitir 'that' en el discurso reportado?

Consulta la solución completa arriba o explora el libro entero para temas relacionados.

¿Cómo se transforman los pronombres al pasar de direct a reported speech?

Consulta la solución completa arriba o explora el libro entero para temas relacionados.

📌 Antes de leer esto

• Uso de comillas en inglés
• Tiempos verbales: present simple, past simple, past perfect
• Pronombres personales y posesivos
• Verbos introductorios (say, tell)

Siguiente tema sugerido

Reported questions and commands (preguntas y órdenes en discurso reportado)

📝 Transcripción de la página (texto seleccionable) 1473 caracteres

Grammar

We need to change the pronouns to make them coincide with the person they refen to. Achilles is talking about himself, so we use he in the reported sentence, instead of I.

Note that in reported speech we often move the tense back one step into the past so that, in the example, willnot fight becomes wouldn't fight.

Also, we can often omit that when it is followed by a subject pronoun. For example: Achilles said (that) he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.

Writing

Individually, considering everyone else, read the follwing sentences and rewnite each one,transforming direct speech into reported speech.

a)Direct speech: Aristotle said,"I made significant contributions to the field of literature."

b)Direct speech: Sappho said,"I wrote Ode to Aphrodite' to express emotions."Reported speech:

c)Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz said,"I am neither a scholar nor a philosopher I am nothing more than a woman."

Reported speech:

s ) suamsuy

![](page=0,bbox=[941, 83, 1054, 223])

Dinect Speech	Reported Speech
In this speech, someone's exact wonds ane written in quotation manks.	In this speech, we communicate what someone else said without using their exact wonds: We change them slighthy to express what they said.
Example: Achilles said,"I will not fight for King Agamemnon."	Example: Achilles said that he wouldn't fight for Agamemnon.