Página — Uerakua Anapu Uantakua Projects And Readings 3 (pág. 22)

Identifying the Problem

1. In community, discuss with your teacher the processes of independence in Latin America according to your environment or the place where you live.Consider the following questions:

a) Who were the leaders of the Latin American wars of independence?b) What streets, avenues, or places are named after these historical figures?c) Why do you think these people's names were used to identify streets and places?

d) What day is Mexico's Independence Day and how is it celebrated in your community?

2. Research, in reliable sources, which countries of today's Latin America gained independence from Spain and Portugal during the 19th century.a) Write important facts on a sheet of paper.

In Mexico and what is now known as Latin America, the independence movements were led by the Creole elite,who aimed to break away from European control and establish sovereign nations. A common characteristic of the fight for independence was the participation and leadership of the Creole soldiers. In Mexico, the fight for independence was led by Miguel Hidalgo, Ignacio Allende, and José Mar´a Morelos y Pavón, while in South America it was led by Simón Bolivar, Bernardo O'Higgins, and José de San Martín.

During these wars, the independent forces consisted of different societal groups besides Creoles, such as some peninsulars, Indigenous people, Afro-descendants,women, and children. All threw themselves into the fig ht for independence, but personal interests and aspirations were also involved.

3. In community, reflect on the following questions and write your opinion in your notebook.

a) What are some similarities between Mexico's independence process and those of the other Latin American nations?

b) Do you know the names of other people who participated in these independence movements? Write at least five names and the country to which they belong.

What countries emerged after the triumph of the independence movements in the Americas from the Spanish and Portuguese rules?

d) Did the social situation in Latin American nations change as a result of their independence? How?

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