Grammar

Present Perfect

The present perfect is used to talk about actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past, or that started in the past and still have relevance in the present.

Affirmative

subject + has/have + main verb in past participle + object

• We have played many games this year.
• She has learned a lot about democratic decision making.

Negative

subject + has/have not (hasn't/haven't) + main verb in past participle + object

• She hasn't seen the project results yet.
• They haven't designed the tombolas yet.

Exercise

Individually, fill in the blanks with the present perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses.

a) She ______ (travel) to many countries for her sports competitions. b) We ______ (not see) that movie yet. c) The students ______ (research) different sources of information about democratic decision making. d) They ______ (live) in our community for ten years. e) I ______ (write) three emails to my teammates today. f) We ______ (complete) many projects together this semester. g) They ______ (not finish) their homework yet. h) We ______ (call) our grandparents to invite them to our games. i) She ______ (want) to learn how to play the piano for years. j) They ______ (not decide) the game instructions yet. k) I ______ (read) that book many times. l) I ______ (learn) to respect other people's views. m) The teacher ______ (not explain) the rules of the game.

Answers (inverted at the bottom of the page): a) has travelled; b) have not seen; c) have researched; d) have lived; e) have written; f) have completed; g) have not finished; h) have called; i) has wanted; j) have not decided; k) have read; l) have learned; m) has not explained.