Lectura

THE INCAS

Verbos en el cuadro (para conjugar en pasado simple): be x3 | begin | believe | bring | build | think | have | appear

The Inca civilization ______ (was) one of the most dominant and advanced civilizations in the Americas before the arrival of the Europeans. Here are some interesting facts about the Inca civilization:

The Inca Empire, also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, ______ (was) the largest empire in pre-Columbian America.

The Inca civilization ______________ (began) in the Peruvian mountains sometime in the early 13th century. The Spanish ____________ (began) the invasion of the Inca Empire in 1532 and by 1572, the last Inca state was fully conquered.

The Inca people ______ (were) famous for building amazing things, like Machu Picchu. What's interesting is they didn't use wheels or metal tools to build it.

The Inca religion ______ (had) different ideas about gods and nature. They believed in many gods. The most important one was Inti, who was like the sun. They also __________ (believed) in Viracocha, a god who made things and was a hero, and Apu Illapu, a god who brought rain.

The Inca people had their own beliefs about gods and nature. They ____________ (thought) the sun was the most important god, and they also believed in a god who created things and a god who ______________ (brought) rain.

The Inca civilization ______ one of the most dominant and advanced civilizations in the Americas. (be)

1. Sujeto singular abstracto + pasado de 'be' = was.

The Inca Empire ______ the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. (be)

1. Empire es singular; pasado: was.

The Inca civilization ______ in the Peruvian mountains sometime in the early 13th century. (begin/appear)

1. Contexto: surgimiento de la civilización; verbo: begin → began, o appear → appeared.

The Spanish ______ the invasion of the Inca Empire in 1532. (begin)

1. begin → began.

The Inca people ______ famous for building amazing things, like Machu Picchu. (be)

1. 'people' es plural; pasado: were.

The Inca religion ______ different ideas about gods and nature. (have)

1. have → had en pasado.

They also ______ in Viracocha. (believe)

1. believe → believed (verbo regular + ed).

They ______ the sun was the most important god. (think)

1. think → thought (irregular).

A god who ______ rain. (bring)

1. bring → brought (irregular).

Tablas

Glosario

• Incas: Civilización andina precolombina.
• Inca Empire: Imperio Inca; la mayor civilización precolombina de América.
• Machu Picchu: Sitio arqueológico inca en Perú.
• pre-Columbian: Precolombino; anterior a la llegada de Colón en 1492.
• Inti: Dios sol del panteón inca.
• Viracocha: Dios creador en la mitología inca.
• Apu Illapu: Dios inca de la lluvia.
• conquered: Conquistado; sometido por la fuerza.

Fuentes

• Fuente de la ilustración del guerrero indígena.
• Fuente de la fotografía de ruinas.